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The 2 Kinds of Freedom...
People sometimes ask why the Bible is ever used in
discussions of American politics or freedom. The usual answer is that the Bible
was a historical reality in the American founding, that most of the framers
were adherents to the Bible and that no accurate understanding of the early
freedom documents is possible without factoring in the Bible.
Another reason is less often understood: there are two major
definitions of freedom, and the Bible is the original source of the one the
American founders adopted. The Hebrew definition is that freedom is the liberty
to do anything good, anything right, anything you should do. In this tradition,
freedom is the right to do whatever you want that is good.
The other tradition, widespread through ancient cultures
around the world, is that freedom is the license to do whatever you want,
period. From this perspective, freedom is the right to do whatever you choose
without reference to good, right, morals, traditions, decency, caring, how it
hurts others, or anything else. If you want it, do it or take it.
Montesquieu outlined the Hebraic view when he wrote:
"Liberty is the right of doing whatever the law permits." By "law" he meant
natural, or higher, law, since any tyrant could decree his own law and then
follow it.
Plato articulated the second definition of freedom: "They
would be subject to no one, neither to lawful ruler nor to the reign of law,
but would be altogether and absolutely free."
The second kind of freedom always becomes the worst kind of
tyranny. If a person wants to steal, kill, rape or anything else, and is free
to do so, widespread freedom quickly disappears.